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11. Eddy currents
Currents flowing in a conducting material in the presence of a time varying magnetic field. These currents are in addition to the
current drawn by the load.
12. Eddy current losses
Power dissipated due to eddy currents. Includes eddy current losses in the core, windings, case and associated hardware of a
transformer.
13. Stray losses
A term used to express the difference between the measured alternating current losses on a transformer and the direct current (DC)
losses (I
2
R). Stray losses include eddy losses. Stray losses are usually expressed as a percent of the direct current (DC) losses.
14. Per unit value
1: Percent value divided by 100.
2: The ratio of two components of a system.
15. Harmonic spectrum “K” factor
The sum of the product of each harmonic current squared and that harmonic number squared for all harmonics from the
fundamental (60 Hz) to the highest harmonic of any measurable consequence. When the “K” factor is multiplied by the stray losses of
the transformer, the answer represents the losses in the transformer caused by harmonic currents. When these losses are added to
the I
2
R losses of the transformer, the total load losses are known. The “K” factor for a linear load without harmonics is one (1).